# Video Library

Since 2002 Perimeter Institute has been recording seminars, conference talks, and public outreach events using video cameras installed in our lecture theatres.  Perimeter now has 7 formal presentation spaces for its many scientific conferences, seminars, workshops and educational outreach activities, all with advanced audio-visual technical capabilities.  Recordings of events in these areas are all available On-Demand from this Video Library and on Perimeter Institute Recorded Seminar Archive (PIRSA)PIRSA is a permanent, free, searchable, and citable archive of recorded seminars from relevant bodies in physics. This resource has been partially modelled after Cornell University's arXiv.org.

## The importance of defects and structural flexibility in the physics of quantum spin ices

Wednesday Jun 07, 2017
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Harboring interpenetrating lattices of corner-sharing tetrahedra, materials with the pyrochlore structure type dominate exploration of the physics of quantum spin ices. Recent synthetic advances in the control of point defects, such as in Yb2Ti2O7 and Pr2Zr2O, have demonstrated that even sub-percent changes in the type and/or number of defects radically modulates the low temperature physics of these materials.

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## Lightning review on emergent quantum electrodynamics in quantum spin ice

Wednesday Jun 07, 2017
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We aim to provide a concise review on theoretical background on emergent quantum electrodynamics in pyrochlore quantum spin ice. We first introduce elementary excitations in quantum spin ice using a simple model and then extend the discussion to more realistic systems. Implications to experiments are also discussed.

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## Microscopic aspects of insulating rare-earth pyrochlore magnets

Wednesday Jun 07, 2017
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In this tutorial, we will review the microscopic aspects of rare-earth magnets relevant for quantum spin ice. We first discuss the single-ion properties of the variety of rare-earth atoms that appear in quantum spin ice candidate materials. Second, we consider the origin of the two-ion exchange interactions, including electric and magnetic multipolar interactions, super-exchange and virtual crystal field mediated interactions.

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## String Theory for Mathematicians - Lecture 7

Tuesday Jun 06, 2017
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## Weak measurements, decoherence and cosmology

Thursday Jun 01, 2017
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In this work we consider a recent proposal in which gravitational interactions are mediated via the exchange of classical information and apply it to a quantized Friedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe with the assumption that any test particles must feel a classical metric. We show that such a model results in decoherence in the FRW state that manifests itself as a dark energy fluid that fills the spacetime.

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## The thick sandwich problem in (2+1)-dimensional causal dynamical triangulations

Thursday Jun 01, 2017
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Causal dynamical triangulations (CDT) is a sum-over-histories approach to quantum gravity which leverages the techniques developed in lattice quantum field theory. In this talk, I discuss the thick sandwich problem in CDT: Given initial and final spacelike hypersurfaces, each with a fixed geometry, what is the transition amplitude for one transitioning into the other? And what geometries dominate the associated path integral? I discuss preliminary studies performed in this direction. I also highlight open problems and interesting directions for future research.

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## Rethinking time at the Big Bang

Thursday Jun 01, 2017
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I will discuss two ways in which revising the notion of time at the Big Bang will lead to testable predictions. I will then contrast these predictions against standard ΛCDM scenario, and cosmological observations. The first model, Holographic Cosmology, is based on a 3d quantum field theory without time, suggesting the possibility of nonperturbative effects on large angles (l

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## Dualities for chiral algebras from S-duality

Thursday Jun 01, 2017
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During past few decades, string theory has been used as a source of conjectural dualities in various areas of physics and mathematics. We have extended these applications of string dualities to the study of chiral algebras in 2d CFT. In this talk, I will sketch how to use S-duality of D3-D5-NS5 systems to shed some light on already known dual constructions of chiral algebras and generate huge amount of new dualities.

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## Entanglement entropy of scalar fields in causal set theory

Thursday Jun 01, 2017
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Entanglement entropy is now widely accepted as having deep connections with quantum gravity. It is therefore desirable to understand it in the context of causal sets, especially since they provide in a natural and covariant manner the UV cutoff needed to render entanglement entropy finite. Defining entropy in a causal set is not straightforward because the usual hypersurface data on which definitions of entanglement typically rely is not available.

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## The holographic dual to general covariance

Thursday Jun 01, 2017
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One of the defining features of holography is the geometerization of the renormalization group scale. This means that when a quantum field theory is holographically dual to a bulk gravity theory, then the direction normal to the boundary in the bulk (the radial' direction) is to be interpreted as the energy scale of the dual quantum field theory. So this direction can be seen to be emergent', and the evolution of bulk fields along this direction is equated with the renormalization group flow of sources or couplings of boundary operators.

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