Perimeter Institute Quantum Discussions
This series consists of weekly discussion sessions on foundations of quantum Theory and quantum information theory. The sessions start with an informal exposition of an interesting topic, research result or important question in the field. Everyone is strongly encouraged to participate with questions and comments.
Seminar Series Events/Videos
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Mercredi fév 18, 2015Speaker(s):
We introduce a technique for applying quantum expanders in a distributed fashion, and use it to solve two basic questions: testing whether a bipartite quantum state shared by two parties is the maximally entangled state and disproving a generalized area law. In the process these two questions which appear completely unrelated turn out to be two sides of the same coin. Strikingly in both cases a constant amount of resources are used to verify a global property.
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Mercredi fév 04, 2015Speaker(s):
The Elitzur-Vaidman bomb tester allows the detection of a photon-triggered bomb with a photon, without setting the bomb off. This seemingly impossible task can be tackled using the quantum Zeno effect. Inspired by the EV bomb tester, we define the notion of "bomb query complexity". This model modifies the standard quantum query model by measuring each query immediately after its application, and ends the algorithm if a 1 is measured.
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Mercredi déc 10, 2014Speaker(s):
From Feynman diagrams via Penrose graphical notation to quantum circuits, graphical languages are widely used in quantum theory and other areas of theoretical physics. The category-theoretical approach to quantum mechanics yields a new set of graphical languages, which allow rigorous pictorial reasoning about quantum systems and processes. One such language is the ZX-calculus, which is built up of elements corresponding to maps in the computational and the Hadamard basis.
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Mercredi déc 03, 2014Speaker(s):
Quantum Adiabatic Optimization proposes to solve discrete optimization problems by mapping them onto quantum spin systems in such a way that the optimal solution corresponds to the ground state of the quantum system. The standard method of preparing these ground states is using the adiabatic theorem, which tells us that quantum systems tend to remain in the ground state of a time-dependent Hamiltonian which transforms sufficiently slowly.
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Lundi déc 01, 2014Speaker(s):
The study of ground spaces of local Hamiltonians is a fundamental task in condensed matter physics. In terms of computational complexity theory, a common focus in this area has been to estimate a given Hamiltonian’s ground state energy. However, from a physics perspective, it is sometimes more relevant to understand the structure of the ground space itself. In this talk, we pursue the latter direction by introducing the notion of “ground state connectivity” of local Hamiltonians.
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Mercredi nov 26, 2014
In unidirectional communication theory, two of the most prominent problems are those of compressing a source of information and of transmitting data noiselessly over a noisy channel. In 1948, Shannon introduced information theory as a tool to address both of these problems. Since then, information theory has flourished into an important field of its own. It has also been successfully extended to the quantum setting, where it has also served to address questions about quantum source compression and transmission of classical and quantum data over noisy quantum channels.
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Mercredi sep 24, 2014Speaker(s):
Recently, Bravyi and Koenig have shown that there is a tradeoff between fault-tolerantly implementable logical gates and geometric locality of stabilizer codes. They consider locality-preserving operations which are implemented by a constant depth geometrically local circuit and are thus fault-tolerant by construction. In particular, they shown that, for local stabilizer codes in D spatial dimensions, locality preserving gates are restricted to a set of unitary gates known as the D-th level of the Clifford hierarchy.
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Vendredi sep 19, 2014Speaker(s):
Entanglement is a key feature of composite quantum system which is directly related to the potential power of quantum computers. In most computational models, it is assumed that local operations are relatively easy to implement. Therefore, quantum states that are related by local operations form a single entanglement class. In the case of local unitary operations, a finite set of polynomial invariants provides a complete characterization of the entanglement classes.
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Mercredi sep 17, 2014Speaker(s):
A class of d-level quantum states called "magic states", whose initial purpose was to enable universal fault-tolerant computation within error-correcting codes, has a surprisingly broad range of applications. We begin by describing their structure with respect to the Clifford hierarchy, and in terms of convex geometry before proceeding to their applications. They appear to have some relevance to the search for SIC-POVMs in certain prime dimensions. A version of the CHSH non-local game, using a d-ary alphabet and Pauli measurements, has an optimal quantum strategy using magic states.
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Mercredi sep 10, 2014Speaker(s):
For an anyon model in two spatial dimensions described by a modular tensor category, the topological S-matrix encodes the mutual braiding statistics, the quantum dimensions, and the fusion rules of anyons. It is nontrivial whether one can compute the topological S-matrix from a single ground state wave function. In this talk, I will show that, for a class of Hamiltonians, it is possible to define the S-matrix regardless of the degeneracy of the ground state. The definition manifests invariance of the S-matrix under local unitary transformations (quantum circuits).
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